Georgia Tech Procurement Assistance Center

Paycheck protection program audits are upon us

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In our last post on this topic, we touched on how the acceptance, use, and forgiveness of Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loans can be viewed in the context of a Defense Contract Audit Agency (“DCAA”) audit.  This post focuses on audits and investigations involving PPP loans.  Close scrutiny of PPP loans is not a prediction; it is a reality.  The Small Business Administration (“SBA”) has announced it will audit all PPP loans in excess of two million dollars following a lender’s submission of a borrower’s loan forgiveness application, and it reserves the right to “spot check” any PPP loan of a lesser amount at its discretion.  The Department of Justice has already charged multiple individuals with PPP fraud.  And this is just the beginning of what many think will be a tidal wave of enforcement activity involving PPP loans.

Continue reading at:  Government Contracts Navigator

Renewed focus on contractor business system reviews

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According to a recent U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) report, the Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA) and the Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA) have taken certain steps to improve the contractor business system (CBS) review process and are forecasting that CBS reviews will increase significantly over the next four years. Contractor business systems include a contractor’s accounting, earned value management, estimating, purchasing, material management, and property management systems.

These systems require contractors to maintain internal controls that, as GAO noted, “act as the first line of defense against fraud, waste and abuse of federal funding.” Given their importance, the renewed focus on ensuring CBS reviews are conducted in a timely and consistent manner is not surprising, and contractors should prepare for a new wave of audit activity.

Past Challenges to Completing CBS Reviews

In its report, GAO identified persistent challenges that have prevented DCAA and DCMA from performing consistent and timely CBS reviews. One key factor for DCAA is its focus on eliminating the backlog of incurred cost audits, which determine whether contractor costs are allowable prior to closing out the contract. GAO found that as a result of prioritizing incurred cost audits, Contracting Officers maintained CBS determinations as adequate even though the systems had not been audited in many years. GAO further found that lacking a mechanism to track CBS audits, DCMA and DCAA did not always comply with requirements to report CBS deficiencies or did not report the deficiencies within required timeframes.

Keep reading this article at: https://governmentcontractsnavigator.com/2019/03/21/renewed-focus-on-contractor-business-system-reviews/

Pentagon auditors advised to better monitor contractor business systems

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The Defense Department’s management and auditing sub-agencies need to clarify their roles and improve the timeliness of their examinations of contractor accounting, estimating and purchasing systems, a watchdog found.

“DoD currently lacks a mechanism based on relevant and reliable information, such as the number of [contractor business system] reviews that are outstanding, the risk level assigned to those systems, and the resources available to conduct such reviews,” the Government Accountability Office wrote in a report released on February 8th.

Citing directives from Congress over the past decade, GAO reviewed data from the Defense Contract Management Agency and the Defense Contract Audit Agency and found that the DCAA, for example, conducted few business system audits in the past six years, due, in part, to the need for it to reduce its backlog on completing incurred cost audits.

Keep reading this article at: https://www.govexec.com/defense/2019/02/pentagon-auditors-advised-better-monitor-contractor-business-systems/154758/

Division of N.C. company pays $3.5 million to settle False Claims Act allegations

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Indal Technologies, Inc. has agreed to pay $3.5 million to resolve allegations that it knowingly sold defective helicopter landing systems designed for U.S. Navy destroyers.  Indal, of Ontario, Canada, is a division within Curtiss-Wright Corporation of Charlotte, North Carolina.

Since the 1970s, Indal has produced the Recovery, Assist, Secure, and Traverse (RAST) system attached to U.S. Navy’s Arleigh-Burke class destroyers.  RAST systems allow helicopters to land on destroyers.

The RAST system includes a device that locks a hovering helicopter onto a trolley.  Once locked in place, the helicopter moves along a series of steel track plates into a shipboard hangar.  The trolley must remain securely connected to the track plates, because the helicopter may be required to land during rough seas and high winds.  The Navy’s contracts for RAST systems expressly required track plates made of HY100 steel due to the material’s increased strength, combat ruggedness, and protection from corrosion.

The settlement announced last week resolves allegations that Indal, without informing the Navy, knowingly substituted a different, less expensive type of steel in numerous RAST system track plates delivered to the Navy.

This settlement was the result of a coordinated effort among the Civil Division’s Commercial Litigation Branch and the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the District of New Jersey.  The investigation was conducted by the Naval Criminal Investigative Service and the Defense Contract Audit Agency.

The claims resolved by the settlement are allegations only; there has been no determination of liability.

Source: https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/indal-technologies-agrees-pay-35-million-settle-false-claims-act-allegations

Shutdown advice for contractors: If a stop-work order comes, stop work

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Congress’s progress on its 12 annual spending bills for fiscal 2019 means “we’re in pretty good shape ” for funding federal agencies, David Berteau, president and CEO of the 400-member Professional Services Council, told his contractor members in a webinar last Wednesday.

Congressional appropriators have reported all spending bills from committee, with a half-dozen approved by full chambers, Berteau noted, lawmakers’ most productive pace in 12 or 13 years. But with only 11 legislative days left before the fiscal year ends Sept. 30, there is a “slim chance” of all 12 getting through conference or a major negotiated omnibus deal, which is why it is “prudent” for agencies and contractors to prepare for the possibility of a lapse in appropriations. Getting all the bills signed by Oct. 1 “is subject to a lot of decisions affected by both votes and politics,” Berteau said.

“The reason we [present preparation guidance for our members] is not to predict a [shutdown]–we hope there is no government shutdown,” added Alan Chvotkin, PSC’s executive vice president and counsel, but because reacting to agency closures “is an arcane area.”

Keep reading this article at: https://www.govexec.com/contracting/2018/08/shutdown-advice-contractors-if-stop-work-order-comes-stop-work/150578/

Former company president settles False Claims Act case related to defective bullet proof vests

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Richard C. Davis, the founder and former president and CEO of Michigan-based Second Chance Body Armor, Inc., recently agreed to resolve claims under the False Claims Act in connection with his role in the sale of defective Zylon bullet-proof vests purchased by the United States for federal, state, local and tribal law enforcement agencies, the Justice Department has announced.

Mr. Davis will relinquish his interest in $1.2 million in assets previously frozen by the United States and will pay an additional $125,000 to the United States.  This settlement is based on Mr. Davis’ ability to pay.

Background

Second Chance sold body armor to state, local and tribal law enforcement agencies reimbursed by the Department of Justice’s Bulletproof Vest Partnership (BVP) program and to federal agencies under contracts with the General Services Administration. The United States alleged that Second Chance’s vests were defective due to the loss of their ballistic capability when exposed to heat and humidity. The United States also alleged that by 2001, Davis was aware that Second Chance’s Zylon body armor was degrading at what he described as a “disappointing” rate.

The United States further alleged that, rather than using a $6 million payment from Toyobo Co. Ltd., the manufacturer of Zylon fiber, to fix the degradation problem, Second Chance pocketed the money and Davis and other Second Chance owners began meeting with various investment bankers in an effort to sell Second Chance. These efforts to sell the company allegedly stopped after a Forest Hills, Pennsylvania police officer was shot through his Second Chance Zylon vest in June 2003. Second Chance filed for bankruptcy in 2004 and was liquidated.

Subsequent tests by the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) of Zylon-containing vests found that more than 50 percent of used vests could not stop bullets that they had been certified to stop. The performance of Second Chance Zylon vests were reported to be among the worst.  The NIJ removed all Zylon-containing vests from its list of compliant products, and Zylon is no longer used in ballistic vests.

Settlement

“The Department of Justice will pursue those who attempt to fraudulently profit at the expense of the United States, particularly when the stakes are life or death,” said Acting Associate Attorney General Jesse Panuccio.  “Bullet proof vests protect the brave men and women of our nation’s law enforcement community, and those who manufacture and sell these products have a solemn duty to ensure their safety and efficacy.”

The settlement resolves, in part, allegations filed in a lawsuit by Aaron Westrick, Ph.D., a former employee of Second Chance, under the qui tam, or whistleblower, provisions of the False Claims Act, which permit private individuals to sue on behalf of the government for false claims and to share in any recovery. The Act also allows the government to intervene and take over the action, as it did in this case as to the allegations against Davis. Dr. Westrick will receive $28,750 plus a share of whatever the government ultimately recovers from the previously frozen funds.

This settlement is part of a larger investigation of the body armor industry’s use of Zylon.  The United States has previously recovered over $132 million from 18 corporations and individuals who participated in the sale of Zylon body armor. The Civil Division has transferred over $22 million of these recovered funds to the BVP program to replace BVP funds which had been used to purchase Zylon vests. The funds transferred to the BVP program will be used to fund the purchase of additional ballistic-resistant vests for state, local and tribal law enforcement officers. The United States is continuing to pursue claims against Honeywell International Inc., which allegedly sold a laminated version of Zylon for use in police armor.

The investigation and litigation of this matter were handled by the Civil Division’s Commercial Litigation Branch; the General Services Administration, Office of the Inspector General; the Department of Commerce, Office of Inspector General; the Defense Criminal Investigative Service; the U.S. Army Criminal Investigative Command; the Department of the Treasury, Office of Inspector General for Tax Administration; the Air Force Office of Special Investigations; the Department of Energy, Office of the Inspector General; and the Defense Contracting Audit Agency.

The claims settled by this agreement are allegations only, and there has been no determination of liability.  The lawsuit partially resolved by the settlement is captioned United States ex rel. Westrick v. Second Chance Body Armor, et al., No. 04-0280 (PLF) (D.D.C.).

Source: https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/former-second-chance-body-armor-president-settles-false-claims-act-case-related-defective

Military bought thousands of boots labeled ‘Made In the USA’ — but they were from China

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Five executives with a former leading manufacturer of U.S. military boots have been sentenced in federal court for saying the boots were made in Tennessee when they were actually produced in China.

According to an indictment filed in U.S. District Court, the actual Chinese manufacturer of the boots was told to include “USA” on the label of Wellco boot uppers that were then shipped to the U.S. The “Made in China” tags were removed, the indictment says. Soles were affixed to the boots at Wellco’s plant in Morristown, Tennessee, and elsewhere, according to the document.

From 2006 through 2012, the U.S. Department of Defense paid at least $138 million to Wellco for military footwear, according to the indictment.

Keep reading this article at: https://taskandpurpose.com/wellco-execs-military-boots-china/

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3 charged in fraud scheme involving small business contracts

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Last week in Wisconsin, three defendants agreed to plead guilty to federal crimes related to a long-term fraud scheme led by Brian L. Ganos involving government-funded contracts intended to benefit small businesses.

The three defendants are James E. Hubbell of Sussex, WI, Jorge Lopez of Worthington, Minnesota, and Telemachos Agoudemos  of Big Bend, WI.

According to the charges, the scheme involved Ganos, Hubbell, and others operating construction companies with straw owners who qualified as a disadvantaged individual or as a service-disabled veteran, but who did not actually control the companies.  The scheme participants fraudulently obtained small business program certifications to win millions of dollars in government-funded contracts to which they were not entitled.  Specifically, the following is alleged:

  • Nuvo Construction Company, Inc. (Nuvo”) was misrepresented to be majority-owned and controlled by Lopez to obtain certifications as a Small Disadvantaged Business from the U.S. Small Business Administration and as a Disadvantaged Business Enterprise from Milwaukee County.  In reality, Lopez worked full-time for a different entity in Minnesota and did not actually control Nuvo.
  • C3T, Inc. was misrepresented to be majority owned and controlled by Agoudemos to obtain verification as a Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business.  In reality, for long stretches, Agoudemos had virtually no involvement in C3T.

Hubbell and Lopez agreed to plead guilty to conspiring to defraud the United States by virtue of the scheme in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 371.  Agoudemos agreed to plead guilty to making false statements to federal agents in order to conceal that C3T, Inc. did not qualify as a Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1001.  The maximum penalties for these offenses is five years in prison and a $250,000 fine.

Earlier this month, on April 3, 2018, charges were filed against four defendants in two cases that are related to the April 18 charges.  (See: http://gtpac.org/?p=14290.) 

  • First, in Case No. 18-CR-62, an indictment was filed charging Brian L. Ganos of Muskego and Mark F. Spindler of Menomonee Falls, and the business Sonag Company, Inc. with crimes related to the fraud scheme.  The indictment also alleged that Ganos engaged in money laundering with proceeds from the scheme. The indictment included a forfeiture notice indicating that the United States seeks to forfeit a condominium located in Winter Park, Colorado; the office building used by the companies at 5500-5510 West Florist Avenue, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; a 2014 Chevrolet Corvette Stingray Convertible; and more than $2.2 million seized from two bank accounts.  Each of those assets is subject to civil forfeiture actions filed by the United States.
  • Second, in Case No. 18-CR-64, Nicholas Rivecca agreed to plead guilty to an Information charging him with conspiring with Ganos and others to use Nuvo’s DBE status to win government-funded concrete orders.  Rivecca and Ganos were the co-owners of Sonag Ready Mix, LLC, which is alleged to have filled the concrete orders in Nuvo’s name.

The following agencies are participating in the investigation that led to these charges: the Federal Bureau of Investigation; U.S. General Services Administration, Office of Inspector General; Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of Inspector General; Department of Defense, Office of the Inspector General, Defense Criminal Investigative Service; U.S. Department of Transportation, Office of Inspector General; U.S. Small Business Administration, Office of Inspector General, Investigations Division; Defense Contract Audit Agency; and U.S. Army Criminal Investigations Command Major Procurement Fraud Unit.

Source: https://www.justice.gov/usao-edwi/pr/three-more-defendants-charged-fraud-scheme-involving-small-business-contracts

Multiple defendants charged with 22 counts of fraud and money laundering involving $200 million in small business contracts

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A federal grand jury returned a twenty-two count indictment on April 3rd, charging three defendants with a 12-year fraud and money laundering scheme involving over $200 million in government-funded contracts intended to benefit small businesses.

The indictment names two individuals, Brian L. Ganos and Mark F. Spindler, both of Wisconsin, and the business Sonag Company, Inc. as defendants.  In a related case, Nicholas Rivecca, Sr., also of Wisconsin, agreed to plead guilty to conspiring to defraud the United States.

The indicted defendants are charged with a conspiracy to commit mail fraud and wire fraud.  The alleged conspiracy involves operating construction companies with straw owners who qualified as a disadvantaged individual or as a service-disabled veteran, but who did not actually control the companies.  The conspirators then fraudulently obtained small business program certifications to win government-funded contracts to which they were not entitled.

Specifically, court documents allege the following:

  • Nuvo Construction Company, Inc., was misrepresented in order to obtain certifications as a Small Disadvantaged Business from the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) and as a Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (DBE) from Milwaukee County.  However, the disadvantaged owner worked full-time for a different entity in Minnesota and did not actually control Nuvo.
  • C3T, Inc. was misrepresented to be majority owned and controlled by another individual to obtain verification as a Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business.  In reality, for long stretches, the “owner” had virtually no involvement in C3T.
  • Pagasa Construction Company, Inc. was misrepresented to be majority owned and controlled by a third disadvantaged individual in order to obtain certification as a Small Disadvantaged Business from the SBA.  In reality, the owner relied on the assistance of conspirators to form Pagasa.

The federal indictment alleges that the defendants used their certifications to obtain over $200 million in federal, state, and local contract payments.  These included federal construction contracts that were set aside for Small Disadvantaged Businesses or Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Businesses.  The indictment also alleges that the scheme included using Nuvo’s DBE certification to win ready-mix concrete contracts based on the false representation that Nuvo provided ready-mix concrete independently when, in truth, Nuvo’s concrete operations depended heavily on Sonag Ready Mix.  As a part owner of Sonag Ready Mix, Nicholas Rivecca, Sr. agreed to plead guilty to that portion of the scheme.

The government alleges that the conspirators engaged in efforts to conceal the scheme and obstruct investigations into the matter; when interviewed, Ganos and Spindler each gave materially false statements to federal agents.

The indictment also alleges that Ganos conspired with Sonag Company, Inc. and others to launder proceeds of the fraud scheme in order to disguise and conceal the nature, source, and location of those fraud proceeds.  As a part of that conspiracy, Ganos is alleged to have transferred fraud proceeds from accounts of Nuvo and C3T to accounts that Ganos controlled.  The indictment further charged Ganos with three counts of concealment money laundering transactions, one of which involved the purchase of a Corvette with proceeds of the fraud scheme, and seven counts of spending money laundering transactions.

The maximum penalties for each of the wire and mail fraud-related charges are 20 years in prison, a $250,000 fine, and forfeiture of criminal proceeds.  The maximum term of imprisonment for conspiring to defraud the United States is five years.  The maximum term of imprisonment for the money laundering conspiracy and for each of the three concealment money laundering charges is 20 years in prison.  The maximum term of imprisonment for each of the seven spending laundering charges is 10 years in prison.  Each of the 11 money laundering charge also carries a fine of up to $250,000 or twice the amount laundered and subjects the defendant to forfeiture of all money and property involved in the laundering transaction.

Assets of the defendants — including real property, a 2014 Chevrolet Corvette Stingray Convertible, and more than $2.2 million seized from two bank accounts — are subject to civil forfeiture actions filed by the federal government.

The following agencies are participating in this investigation: the Federal Bureau of Investigation; U.S. General Services Administration, Office of Inspector General; Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of Inspector General; Department of Defense, Office of the Inspector General, Defense Criminal Investigative Service; U.S. Department of Transportation, Office of Inspector General; U.S. Small Business Administration, Office of Inspector General, Investigations Division; Defense Contract Audit Agency; and the U.S. Army Criminal Investigations Command Major Procurement Fraud Unit.

An indictment is only a charge and not evidence of guilt. The defendants are presumed innocent and are entitled to a fair trial at which the government must prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.

Source: https://www.justice.gov/usao-edwi/pr/multiple-defandants-charged-fraud-and-money-laundering-scheme-involving-over-200

Japanese manufacturer to pay $66 million settlement for supplying defective bullet proof vests

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Toyobo Co. Ltd. of Japan and its American subsidiary, Toyobo U.S.A. Inc., f/k/a Toyobo America Inc. (collectively, Toyobo), have agreed to pay $66 million to resolve claims under the False Claims Act that they sold defective Zylon fiber used in bullet proof vests that the United States purchased for federal, state, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies, the Justice Department has announced.

The settlement resolves allegations that between at least 2001 and 2005, Toyobo, the sole manufacturer of Zylon fiber, knew that Zylon degraded quickly in normal heat and humidity, and that this degradation rendered bullet proof vests containing Zylon unfit for use.  It was further alleged that Toyobo nonetheless actively marketed Zylon fiber for bullet proof vests, published misleading degradation data that understated the degradation problem, and when Second Chance Body Armor recalled some of its Zylon-containing vests in late 2003, started a public relations campaign designed to influence other body armor manufacturers to keep selling Zylon-containing vests.

According to the government, Toyobo’s actions delayed by several years efforts to determine the true extent of Zylon degradation.  Finally, in August 2005, the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) completed a study of Zylon-containing vests and found that more than 50 percent of used vests could not stop bullets that they had been certified to stop.  Thereafter, the NIJ decertified all Zylon-containing vests.

This settlement is part of a larger investigation undertaken by the Justice Department’s Civil Division of the body armor industry’s use of Zylon in body armor.  The Civil Division previously recovered more than $66 million from 16 entities involved in the manufacture, distribution or sale of Zylon vests, including body armor manufacturers, weavers, international trading companies, and five individuals.  The settlement announced on March 15th brings the Division’s overall recoveries to over $132 million.  The United States still has lawsuits pending against Richard Davis, the former chief executive of Second Chance, and Honeywell International Inc.

The latest settlement resolves allegations filed in two lawsuits, one brought by the United States and the other filed by Aaron Westrick, Ph.D., a law enforcement officer formerly employed by Second Chance who is now a Criminal Justice professor at Lake Superior University.  Dr. Westrick’s lawsuit was filed under the qui tam, or whistleblower, provisions of the False Claims Act, which permit private individuals to sue on behalf of the government for false claims and to share in any recovery.  The Act also allows the government to intervene and take over the action, as it did in 2005 in Dr. Westrick’s case.  Dr. Westrick will receive $5,775,000.

This case was handled by the Justice Department’s Civil Division, along with the General Services Administration, Office of the Inspector General; the Department of Commerce, Office of Inspector General; the Defense Criminal Investigative Service; the U.S. Army Criminal Investigative Command; the Department of the Treasury, Office of Inspector General for Tax Administration; the Air Force Office of Special Investigations; the Department of Energy, Office of the Inspector General; and the Defense Contracting Audit Agency.

The claims settled by this agreement are allegations only; there has been no determination of liability.  The lawsuits resolved by the settlement are captioned United States ex rel. Westrick v. Second Chance Body Armor, et al., No. 04-0280 (PLF) (D.D.C.) and United States v. Toyobo Co. Ltd., et al., No. 07-1144 (PLF) (D.D.C.).

Source: https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/japanese-fiber-manufacturer-pay-66-million-alleged-false-claims-related-defective-bullet

 

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